Volcanic dynamics are driven by the complex interplay between fluid flow (circulation of magmatic or hydrothermal fluids) and rock structure (volcano conduits, dykes), the comprehension of which requires both multi-parametric monitoring and modelling of relevant physical and chemical processes of the system. Understanding the factors controlling the dynamics of the processes involved in these interactions is necessary to characterize the overall behaviour of a volcano and the eventual transition mechanisms among stationarity, unrest phase, and eruptive styles. The starting point in this context is to have high-quality data (seismological, geochemical, geodetic, volcanological) on several parameters, acquired both over years of monitoring activity and focused field experiments. Fundamental contributions come from the use of combined multi-parametric datasets and the adoption of innovative techniques and multi-disciplinary approaches. This volume is addressed to those researchers who focus their investigations on the field of volcano dynamics. Its main aim is to shed light on the processes occurring in active volcanic systems over different timescales, with relevant implications for the hazards and the modern monitoring, thus promoting future discussions on this topic.

The articles of this special issue are the outcome of the research presented at the following events:

• Session GMPV5.11, “Fluid-solid interactions in volcanic processes over different time-scales: an investigation through geophysical and volcanological data”, EGU2019, 7-12 April 2019, Vienna, Austria;
• Session S01.11, “Understanding volcanic processes through geophysical and volcanological data investigations. Cities On Volcanoes 10”, IAVCEI, 2-7 September 2018, Naples, Italy.

In today’s changing world, we need to tap the potential of every talented mind to develop solutions for a sustainable future. The existence of under-representation of different groups (cultural, national, and gender) remains a reality and a threat to getting maximal value from research investment across STEM fields around the world, including the geosciences.

In order to tackle such a challenge, in the autumn of 2018 EGU created the Diversity and Equality Working Group, and since 2016 an Education and Outreach Session (EOS) dedicated to promoting and supporting equality in the geosciences has been organised yearly at the EGU General Assembly. The contributions received in these EOSs represent an invaluable critical mass of diversity of views and experiences related to under-represented groups (social, national, and gender) in the geosciences.

Based on this experience, this volume will collect contributions (not limited to those submitted in EGU sessions in the past) focusing on both obstacles that contribute to under-representation and best practices and innovative ideas to remove those obstacles. As a concerted action from EGU, AGU, and JpGU, contributions are solicited on

• role models to inspire and further motivate others (life experience and/or their contributions to promote equality);
• imbalanced representation, preferably supported by data, in awards, grants, high-level positions, invited talks, and papers;
• comparative studies documenting differences between disciplines and countries/regions;
• time series data documenting trends in relation to initiatives designed to increase diversity;
• perceived and real barriers to inclusion (personally, institutionally, culturally);
• recommendations for new and innovative strategies to identify and overcome barriers;
• best practices and strategies to move beyond barriers, including successful mentoring programmes, networks that work, specific funding schemes, and institutional initiatives.